The Evolution of Sectoral Productivity: Measurement and Implications∗
نویسندگان
چکیده
We estimate total factor productivities at the sector level for 72 countries and 5 decades, and examine how they evolve over time in both developed and developing countries. In both country groups, there has been relative productivity convergence: productivity grew systematically faster in sectors that were initially relatively less productive. These changes have had a significant impact on trade volumes and patterns, and a non-negligible welfare impact. In the counterfactual scenario in which each country’s relative productivities remained the same as in the 1960s, and technology in all sectors grew at the same country-specific average rate, trade volumes would be higher, cross-country export patterns more dissimilar, and intra-industry trade lower than in the data. In this counterfactual scenario, welfare is also 1.6% higher for the median country compared to the baseline. The welfare impact varies greatly across countries, ranging from −1.1% to +4.3% among OECD countries, and from −4.6% to +41.9% among non-OECD countries. JEL Classifications: F11, F43, O33, O47
منابع مشابه
The Evolution of Comparative Advantage : 1 Measurement and Welfare Implications ∗
5 Using novel estimates of sectoral total factor productivities for 72 countries across 5 6 decades we provide evidence of relative productivity convergence: productivity grew 7 systematically faster in initially relatively less productive sectors. These changes have 8 had a significant impact on trade volumes and patterns, and a non-negligible welfare 9 impact. Had productivity in each country...
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